Exploring J.B. Priestley's An Inspector Calls: Themes and Dramatic Techniques

About An Inspector Calls

Written in 1945 and set in 1912, J.B. Priestley's play An Inspector Calls is a gripping drama that explores social responsibility, morality, and the consequences of actions. Through the plot device of an unexpected police inspector's interrogation of a wealthy family after a young woman's suicide, Priestley skillfully weaves themes of social injustice, class divide, and individual accountability.

Social and Political Themes

• Socialism vs. Capitalism: The play criticizes the selfish and uncaring nature of capitalism, promoting a socialist ideology of shared responsibility.
• Class Conflict: The stark contrast between the privileged Birling family and their mistreatment of Eva Smith/Daisy Renton highlights class inequality and exploitation.
• Social Responsibility: Priestley emphasizes the idea that every individual has a moral duty to care for others, regardless of class or status.

Dramatic Techniques

Priestley employs various dramatic techniques to heighten the play's tension and impact:

• Dramatic Irony: The audience's awareness of future events like World War I and the impending downfall of the Birlings adds dramatic irony.
• Symbolism: The Inspector represents moral authority and conscience, while the ring and the hefty quotation symbolize the interconnectedness of society.
• Entrances and Exits: The Inspector's timely arrivals and mysterious exits create a sense of unease and mystery.

Worked Example: Analyzing a Key Scene

Consider the final scene where the Inspector leaves, and the family realizes he was not a real police inspector. This scene exemplifies Priestley's use of dramatic tension, symbolism, and the play's central message:

1. The Inspector's abrupt exit and the family's relief at dismissing his accusations create dramatic tension and uncertainty.
2. The ringing of the doorbell, representing the consequences of their actions, symbolizes that their guilt cannot be easily dismissed.
3. The play's overarching message of shared responsibility and moral accountability is reinforced, as the family's selfish actions have led to Eva Smith's tragic demise.

Through its powerful social commentary and masterful dramatic techniques, An Inspector Calls remains a timeless and thought-provoking work that challenges audiences to reflect on their own moral compass and societal responsibilities.