The Four Operations in 11-Plus Mathematics In 11-plus mathematics, mastering the four basic arithmetic operations —addition, subtraction, multiplication, and di...
In 11-plus mathematics, mastering the four basic arithmetic operations—addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division—is essential. These operations form the foundation for more complex mathematical concepts and problem-solving skills.
Students learn to perform addition and subtraction using both mental strategies and written methods. Mental strategies may include counting on or back, using number bonds, and breaking numbers into parts to simplify calculations.
For multiplication, students are encouraged to achieve quick recall of times tables up to 12x12. This recall is crucial for performing long multiplication, where larger numbers are multiplied together using a systematic approach. Students practice setting out their work clearly to avoid mistakes.
Long division is another key area, where students learn to divide larger numbers by smaller numbers. Understanding the concept of inverse operations is important here, as students can check their division answers by multiplying the quotient by the divisor.
Students are also introduced to the order of operations, often remembered by the acronym BODMAS/BIDMAS (Brackets, Orders, Division and Multiplication, Addition and Subtraction). This principle helps students solve more complex calculations correctly by establishing the sequence in which operations should be performed.
Ultimately, the goal is to apply these skills to solve real-world problems. Students practice word problems that require them to identify which operations to use and how to set up their calculations. This not only reinforces their arithmetic skills but also enhances their critical thinking abilities.
Problem: Calculate 256 ÷ 16.
Solution:
By mastering these four operations, students will be well-prepared for the challenges of the 11-plus examination and beyond.